What causes a hard brake pedal?

If your brake pedal feels ‘hard’ when you apply pressure, it could be several things; a failing vacuum pump or power steering pump, a cracked vacuum hose, a seized caliper, even sludge in the brake lines. Stiff brakes can also be caused by a vacuum leak affecting the brake booster pressure, which stops the brakes from working properly. The leaking part would require replacement to fix the issue.